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Consonants /v/ versus /ʤ/, 106 pairs     

The /v/ sound is spelled with <v> or <ve>, while the /ʤ/ sound is spelled <j>, <g> or <ge>.

The contrast is between a labio-dental fricative and an alveolar affricate, both voiced. It is not a problem for any learners.

Interesting pairs include:

invest ingest
passive passage
vendor gender
vesture gesture
waver wager

The mean density value is 2.2%. The list makes 52 semantic distinctions, a loading of 49%.

 	
cave cage 
  caved caged 
  caving caging 
derv dirge
gave gage 
invest ingest 
  invested ingested 
  investing ingesting 
  invests ingests 
leave liege 
levees ledges 
passive passage 
pave page 
  paved paged 
  paving paging 
rave rage 
  raved raged 
  raving raging 
rev Reg 
save sage 
serve serge 
serve surge
  served surged
  serving surging
stave stage 
  staved staged 
  staving staging 
V G 
  V's G's 
vac jack 
  vacs jacks 
vain Jane 
vale gaol 
  vales gaols 
van Jan 
vane Jane
vase jars 
vaunt jaunt 
  vaunted jaunted 
  vaunting jaunting 
  vaunts jaunts 
veer jeer 
  veered jeered 
  veering jeering 
  veers jeers 
veil gaol
  veiled gaoled 
  veiling gaoling 
  veils gaols
vein Jane
vend genned 
vendor gender 
  vendors genders 
venerate generate 
  venerated generated 
  venerates generates 
  venerating generating 
veneration generation 
  venerations generations 
venial genial 
vent gent 
  vents gents 
Venus genus
very Gerry 
verve verge 
vest jest 
  vested jested 
  vesting jesting 
  vests jests 
vesture gesture 
  vestured gestured 
  vestures gestures 
  vesturing gesturing 
vet jet 
  vetted jetted 
  vetting jetting 
  vets jets
vibe gibe
  vibes gibes 
vigour jigger 
vim Jim 
visas Jesus 
voice Joyce 
voiced joist 
void joyed 
volley jolly 
  volleyed jollied 
  volleying jollying 
  volleys jollies 
volt jolt 
  volts jolts 
VP GP 
waive wage 
  waived waged 
  waiving waging
waiver wager 
  waivers wagers 
wave wage 
  waved waged 
  waving waging
waver wager
  wavered wagered 
  wavering wagering 
  wavers wagers
weaver ouija
  weavers ouijas 

Credit: John Higgins